Ishami ry’umuryago w’abibumbye ryita ku bana UNICEF rihangayikishijwe n’abana basaga ibihumbi 250 bashowe mu bikorwa by’intamba aho abenshi babarizwa k’umugabane wa Afurika.
Itariki ya 20 Ugushyingo buri mwaka ni umunsi mpuzamahanga wahariwe kuzirikana ku burenganzira bw’umwana, uyu munsi washyizweho n’umuryango w’abibumbye mu mwaka w’1989.
Kuri iyi nshuro ishami rya LONI rishinzwe kwita ku bana UNICEF riravuga ko rihangayikishijwe no kuba kuri ubu abana basaga ibihumbi 250.000 barashowe mu bikorwa by’intambara hirya no hino ku isi, aho ngo abenshi bari ku mugabane w’Afrika.
Umuryango w’abibumbye uvuga ko umuntu yitwa umwana igihe cyose atarageza ku myaka 18 y’amavuko. Kuba abana ari abanyantege nke ugereranyije n’abakuru, kuba nta burenganzira bagira bwo gutora kandi ntibanagire n’uruhare mu bijyanye n’ubukungu cyangwa politike, ibi ni bimwe mu byashingiweho kugira ngo ibihugu 191 mu 193 bishyire umukono ku masezerano yemeza uburenganzira bw’umwana mu 1989.
Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika hamwe na Somalia nibyo bihugu bitigeze bisinyira aya masezerano, maze umuryango w’abibumbye wemeza bidasubirwaho ko buri tariki 20 Ugushyingo buri mwaka hagomba kwizihizwa umunsi mpuzamahanga wahariwe kwita ku burenganzira bw’umwana.
Ingingo ya 54 mu masezerano arengera uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu, ivuga ko umwana afite uburenganzira bwo kubaho agahabwa izina, ubwenegihugu, kandi ngo anafite uburenganzira bwo kugira umuryango n’uburenganzira bwo gutanga igitekerezo cye.
Iyi ngingo kandi ivuga ko umwana afite uburenganzira bwo kuvurwa, gukingirwa indwara, guhabwa ifunguro ryuzuye ndetse n’uburenganzira bwo kwiga. Aha kandi haniyongeraho kumurinda ihohoterwa, kujya mu ntambara no kwishora mu makimbirane, ndetse ngo agomba no kugira uburenganzira bwo gukina no kwidagadura.
UNICEF itangaza ko kuri ubu yishimira ko uburenganzira bwa bana buri kugenda bwubahirizwa kurusha uko byakorwaga mu mwaka w’1989, aho ngo byatumye hanagabanuka bimwe mu bibazo byibasiraga abana ndetse bikanabatera impfu za hato na hato.
Raporo UNICEF yasohoye tariki 16 Ugushyingo muri uyu mwaka, igaragaza ko kuri ubu ku isi yose impfu z’abana bari munsi y’imyaka 5 y’amavuko zavuye kuri miliyoni 12 mu 1989 zigera kuri miliyoni 6 gusa mu mwaka ushize wa 2015. Ngo umubare w’abana bari mu ishuri wazamutseho 30%, mu gihe ngo abana bakoreshwa imirimo ivunanye bagabanutseho hafi 1/3.
Gusa na none iyi raporo ya UNICEF igaragaza ko hari n’izindi mbogamizi zikomeye kuri ubu zibasiye abana, aho ngo zibangamiye uburenganzira bwabo mu buryo bukomeye. Muri zo harimo ku kuba ku isi abana basaga miliyoni 58 bacikiriza amashuri yabo bitewe n’impamvu zitandukanye.
Uretse ibi kandi, mu bana bose bo ku isi, ngo ¼ cyabo bafite ibibazo byo kugwingira bitewe n’imirire mibi aho ngo bugarijwe n’ubukene, kandi ngo hari n’umubare munini w’abana bakorerwa ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina, ngo hakaba hari n’abandi bashowe mu bikorwa bw’intambara.
UNICEF, ivuga kandi ko kuri ubu ku isi hari abana barenga miliyoni bakennye, abasaga ibihumbi 19 ngo bafashwe nabi, abandi ibihumbi 76 bataye ababyeyi babo bitewe n’amakimbirane yo mu miryango yabo, mu gihe ngo abana abakabakaba ibihumbi 240 ku isi birera ubwabo. UNICEF kandi ivuga ko ihangayikishijwe n’uko ngo hari umubare munini w’abana bavuka ntibandikishwe mu gitabo cy’irangamimerere.
Usibye gufatwa ku ngufu, UNICEF inavuga ko umubare munini w’abana binjijwe mu gisirikare, aho ngo abenshi bashimuswe n’imitwe y’inyeshyamba irwanira ku mugabane w’Afrika. Kuri ubu mu ntambara n’imvururu biri mu bihugu bisaga 30 ku isi harabarirwa abana binjijwe mu mitwe yitwaje intwaro basaga ibihumbu 250, aho ngo bose bari hagati y’imyaka 6 na 18 y’amavuko.
Aba bana bose, ngo bamwe ni abarwanyi, abandi bakoreshwa imirimo itandukanye aho hari abatekera abarwanyi, abakoreshwa mu birombe by’amabuye y’agaciro, abagirwa ba maneko, ndetse ngo abakobwa bo bagirwa abacakara b’igitsina.
Umuryango w’abibumbye ubuvaga ko ibihugu nka Yemen, Syria, Soudan, Soudan y’epfo, RDC, Somalia na Nigeria ari byo biri ku isonga mu kwinjiza abana benshi mu gisirikare hagati ya 2014 na 2015. Umuryango w’Abibumbye utanga urugero kuri Soudan y’epfo aho ngo abana basaga ibihumbi 12 binjijwe mu mitwe y’inyeshyamba irwanya leta kandi ngo bamwe muri bo bayimazemo imyaka irenga 4.
U Rwanda nk’igihugu gishyigikiye ko uburenganzira bw’abana bwubahirizwa, hari gahunda zitandukanye rwashyizeho mu rwego rwo kurengera abana, nk’aho kuri ubu kariho komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe abana, aho ifite inshingano z’ibanze 2 ari zo guteza imbere no kubungabunga uburenganzira bw’umwana, ndetse no guhuza no kugenzura ibikorwa byose bikorerwa abana.
Leta y’u Rwanda n’ubwo ikora ibishoboka byose ngo uburenganzira bw’umwana bwubahirizwe nk’aho yashyizeho itegeko ry’uko umwana wese agomba kujya mu ishuri, ndetse hakarwanywa bwaki n’ibindi, ntihabura ibibazo bikigaragara bibangamiye uburenganzira bw’umwana, aho mu mijyi itandukanye hari abana b’inzererezi baba barasize ababyeyi babo bitewe n’impamvu zitandukanye nk’ubukene cyangwa amakimbirane yo mu miryango, hakaba n’abandi bagwingiye bitewe n’imirire mibi.
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